Tinbergen’s Four Questions Regarding Orca Behaviour free essay sample

The kind of correspondence used to transmit data is firmly identified with the animal’s way of life and condition. This can be seen in most earthbound vertebrates which are nighttime so utilize olfactory and sound-related which fill in also in obscurity as they do during the day. Visual correspondence would be generally incapable in this way of life. Interestingly people are diurnal and utilize principally visual and sound-related signs for correspondence, yet miss numerous synthetic prompts which numerous different vertebrates base their conduct upon. Marine warm blooded creatures regularly need to convey significant stretches, and the water doesn't bolster viewable signals over huge span. This is the reason whales and dolphins utilize principally sound-related signs. Sound-related signs can travel significant stretches and travel four and a half times quicker in water than in air (Ford, 1984). Executioner whales or Orca (Orcinus orca) are exceptionally social dolphins and live in cases frequently comprising of relatives from between four up to fifty for private whales while transient units regularly are just somewhere in the range of two and five creatures (Ford, 1989). We will compose a custom article test on Tinbergen’s Four Questions Regarding Orca Behavior or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page These cases speak with one another by utilization of echolocation clicks, tonal whistles and beat calls (Deecke et al. , 2000). The three primary clamors have totally different utilizations from one another. Snaps can either be delivered as a solitary snap or created in quick progression. Single snaps are commonly utilized for route and assortment of snaps and whistles are believed to be utilized for correspondence among individuals from the case. Heartbeats are accepted, with the help of single snaps, to be the technique utilized by orcas to recognize protests and segregate prey (Barrett-Lennard et al. 1996). Private orcas feed on fish, and can be much of the time heard speaking with the snaps, whistles and calls in light of the fact that the fish have exceptionally poor hearing capacities (Wilson, 2002). The vocal conduct of transient executioner whales is very extraordinary with the vocal correspondence comprising of infrequent snaps and heartbeats (Deecke et al. , 2000). The main event where transient orcas show noteworthy measures of vocal movement is the point at which they are dynamic on a superficial level or as of late after an execute. The explanations behind this decrease of commotion could be because of numerous components which can be seen in different species connections and conduct. Utilizing ‘Tinbergen’s four questions’, I will clarify what need for this conduct and what the causes of the quiet conduct may have been. Tinbergen’s Four Questions In 1963 Nikolaas Tinbergen distributed a paper â€Å"On points and techniques for ethology†. In this paper he examined how he accepted any inquiry with respect to creature conduct ought to be separated into four unique inquiries. These four inquiries could be isolated into two classes, transformative (extreme) clarifications and proximate clarifications. The transformative clarifications, which allude to the populace, incorporate advancement or phylogenetic determinants and endurance esteem or versatile centrality. The phylogenetic determinants allude to every developmental clarification which are not secured by versatile criticalness. These may incorporate irregular procedures remembering transformation and changes for nature which could have impacts on the populace bringing about a particular conduct adjustment. The versatile criticalness intently follows Charles Darwin’s deal with regular determination where it is clarified that an animal’s structure has been adjusted to work better in the living space and bringing about an expansion in qualification for the person. The proximate clarifications are engaged with managing as far as the person instead of the populace. The two distinctive individual inquiries proposed by Tinbergen identify with causation and ontogeny. The causation for a presentation of conduct identifies with the mechanics of the body and which boosts gives a prompt to the creature to show this conduct. Remembered for causation is control of hormones, engine control, focal sensory system control and the capacity to process the data acquired through faculties. Ontogeny identifies with the advancement of a person, from origination until death. This may incorporate an encounter or an ecological factor which happens and changes the conduct of the creature, including took in conduct from another person. Causation ? Figure 1: A delineation of sound age, engendering and gathering in an exceptional whale. (WhalesB. C. com) The nasopharyngeal life structures of cetaceans is unequivocally adjusted contrasting and earthly well evolved creatures. They have one impede respiratory opening at the highest point of the head. It is shut close to the surface by thick musculocutaneous pleats masterminded in this way, that the remarkable of one of them goes into the dimple of another. They structure a curious lock keeping the water from entering into respiratory tract. Over the skull around of nose section there is an arrangement of pneumatic sacs, associated with nose entry (Barrett-Lennard et al. , 1996). In 1964 A. V. Jablokov assumed that sounds could be delivered by driving air through these nasal sacs. Air is constrained past a lot of finely striated strong attachments or lips that vibrate or slap against one another as the lips are constrained separated by the flood of air and afterward slapped shut by solid pressure (Ford, 1989). Transient executioner whales are regularly hard to follow when submerged as they are ordinarily quiet. Regularly speaking with one another with only a solitary snap, known as an obscure snap (Deecke et al. , 2000). The main time that the executioner whales produce a lot of vocal action was when processing about on a superficial level or in the wake of killing a marine warm blooded animal. Homeless people have been found to just utilize four to six discrete calls which are not imparted to the inhabitant cases (Deecke et al. , 2004). Ontogeny Like different parts of learning in mammalian culture, I conjecture that the infant calves will be shown the capacity for vocalization by its parent or other unit individuals. There have been numerous examinations on executioner whale vocalizations in various pieces of the world including Canada (Ford, 1984), Alaska (Yurk et al. 2002) and Norway (Matkin, 1988). Each examination indicated that each unit has its own unmistakable collection of discrete calls, frequently this wonder is alluded to as vocal lingos. The distinctions in vocal collections can be the aftereffect of geographic detachment and when this happens it isn't vernaculars that are being spoken to yet â€Å"geographic varieties of vocal repertoire† (Ford, 1984). The utilization of tedious calls and the particular number and kind of discrete calls are what are utilized to arrange and think about lingos. Cases regularly produce somewhere in the range of seven and seventeen unique kinds of discrete calls. A few units share assembles and are gathered as an acoustic tribe (Baird et al. , 1988). Various groups may speak to various autonomous maternal heredities, which have persevered for some, ages, building up their free call conventions. Vernaculars are presumably the methods by which unit cohesiveness and character are kept up. Infant calls figure out how to create calls truly equivalent to their moms, yet the collection is restricted. With the appearance of another calf to the pod, the calls of the pod and especially the female authority increment, particularly the recurrence of pod-explicit calls (Ford, 1989). This is broadly viewed as the technique to which babies become familiar with the units tongue. Most of the learning done by the infant is a procedure of impersonation and experimentation. The calf doesn't generally take in correspondence from a parent. In bondage a youthful whale was seen to have taken in the calls of its tank mate, despite the fact that it had no relatedness. Endurance Value I speculate that the in light of the fact that the mammalian predators can hear well submerged is the motivation behind why the transient executioner whales embrace altogether diminished correspondence during times of scrounging. Acoustic correspondence can have incredible advantages, for example, arranging bunches for assaults and maintaining a strategic distance from predation. Similarly as with all conduct characteristics there is an exchange off. There is an immediate expense of vitality required to creating the sounds and alongside this is the loss of vitality from absence of taking care of during times of imparting. There is likewise a roundabout expense, particularly for transient executioner whales, which give data to meddlers. Meddlers may incorporate contenders (Hammond et al. , 2003), predators (Hosken et al. 1994) or for transient executioner whales alarming potential prey. Different investigations have reported the expenses from listening stealthily for prey on account of predators who use echolocation. Bats have been archived going after frogs performing mating calls by listening in on them (Fenton, 2003). Creepy crawlies have additionally been noted as having the option to evade predation from bats by tuning in to their acoustic projections (Rydell et al. , 1995). Open vocalizations are normally not basic for prey area not at all like echolocation. This is the most probable explanation that transient executioner whales move peacefully or extensively decreased vocal correspondence while rummaging. Advancement I accept that the development of marine well evolved creatures from a typical precursor blocks the transient executioner whales chasing because of the maintenance of fantastic submerged hearing by marine warm blooded creatures. In Pakistan the disclosure of Ambulocetus was striking, a three meter long well evolved creature which looked like a crocodile. It is believed to be the transitional fossil beginning the mammalian development towards a sea-going life. By 38 million years back warm blooded creatures had completely adjusted to an amphibian existence with the development of Basilosaurus and Dorudon. In spite of the fact that these huge marine warm blooded animals looked like present day whales and dolphins they came up short on the ‘melon organ’ which permits echolocation in their relatives (Ford, et al. , 2000)

Mass media Free Essays

How have the broad communications influenced human life? The job of broad communications in the enlightened society is as yet inciting a lot of contention. A few people guarantee that broad communications changes over the world into a superior spot to live in, others, meanwhile, contend that it brings us just a burden. From my point of view, broad communications is generally recognized for its justifies with respect to amusement and data purposes. We will compose a custom paper test on Broad communications or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now In any case, broad communications is viewed as a wellspring of amusement. To the current day, TV and the Internet offer a shockingly expansive assortment of ecreational structures, for example, films, music, games, funnies, etc. This wide range, combined with the bloom of multi-channel innovation, encourages viewers’s unwinding following a persevering day. Such is the ubiquity of broad communications that scarcely any day passes by without a huge number of clients going to it for amusement. What's more, broad communications works as a methods for Information. It contains a genuinely enormous measure of data of different types: from financial, political to natural news, which helps spectators or endorsers in staying aware of the present issues on the planet. For instance, It Is broad communications that helps communicate the Fukushima’s atomic blast everywhere throughout the world, consequently empowering us to be Informed of the fiasco in practically no time. However, for the data reason for broad communications, people would have been kept in obscurity about the outside world. Those holding the converse view contend that broad communications accomplishes more damage than anything else for utilizers. Overexposure to TVs, PCs or even papers can prompt eye issue, cerebral pain, spinal pain, so on. Should their heath endure, how might they live typically, not to mention serenely? All things considered, most of casualties are found In sers of youthful age whose familiarity with the awful impacts of the broad communications has not been completely evolved. For whatever length of time that they are instructed, the Impact of broad communications won't be so Intense. On balance, broad communications Is one of the focal points of todays concern. In spite of the fact that It has a few downsides, It Is my solid conviction that broad communications have such an Indispensable impact In human lives that barely anybody can Imagine a world without Its appearance. Furthermore, broad communications works as a methods for data. It contains a really news, which helps spectators or endorsers in staying aware of the present issues on the planet. For instance, it is broad communications that helps communicate the Fukushima’s atomic blast everywhere throughout the world, subsequently empowering us to be educated regarding the creatures would have been kept in obscurity about the outside world. ive ordinarily, not to mention easily? In any case, most of casualties are seen in been completely evolved. For whatever length of time that they are instructed, the effect of broad communications won't be so extreme. On balance, broad communications is one of the focal points of todays concern. In spite of the fact that it has a few downsides , it is my solid conviction that broad communications have such an imperative influence in human lives that barely anybody can envision a world without its The most effective method to refer to Mass media, Papers Broad communications Free Essays There are numerous researchres, the reason for existing is to get some answers concerning the impact of media on youngsters. It is verifiable that the broad communications has a great deal of impacts in our regular day to day existence, particularly to youngsters who have not had enough development. (in the age of 12 †21) Let’s discover what is the broad communications. We will compose a custom paper test on Broad communications or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now The broad communications is any medium that transmits mass correspondence, for example, paper, books, magazines, and so on. It additionally alludes altogether to all media advancements, including PC games, web, TV shows and radio. Both of these exceptionally tech nations, Singapore and United State of America, are the genuine guides to be examined about the impacts of some mass medias in this article. Singapore is the notable nation as the open nation. It is on the grounds that Singapore is a little island, there is a remote covers all territories in the island. Along these lines you can without much of a stretch access the site everywhere throughout the world. Singapore’s government has the Media Development Authority to obstruct the unfortunate site, mostly targets sexual, political, savagery, racial and strict issue. Despite the fact that Singapore’s government has the power to square, edit and control about private data on the web, there are still a few issues about the web. Numerous young people in Singapore use innovations particularly web bad. Some utilization web so as to hack, bet, prostitute through visiting room. This shows web has an impact to youngsters today. The national web warning committee of Singapore, the position that controls the utilization of web, had held a venture to battle young people in Singapore to utilize web in an important way. The name of this task is Cyber wellbeing. Michael Yap, the pioneer of this crusade said that adolescents invest the a large portion of energy playing game web based, riding web and visiting, including the youngsters who have not had enough development. There are numerous risk identified with the web. Similarly in United State of America (USA), most young people invest a ton of energy riding web. Their demeanor is that the web carries various focal points to them. In any case, web doesn't bring just positive things, there are additionally negative things from the web. USA is the created nation. Numerous specialists assume the job of control on the web. Projects, for example, censorware or web sifting programming are utilized in certain establishments. The impact of web in USA is for the most part web dependence. Web appears to isolate young people from this present reality. Nearly correspondence is imparted through the site, for example, Facebook, Yahoo, MSN, Skype and Myspace. They scarcely impart legitimately. This may loses their reasonableness, feeling and feeling in connection between conversationalists. Another media that clearly impact youngsters is the TV. The youngsters will emulate their deity on the TV appears. Sadly, many things that young people duplicate from their preferred symbol are not so much good. Design is one thing that stars and big names will be the model of dressing, haircut despite the fact that discourse and conduct. These days, K-POP or Korean Popular, the item from Korean, had put available all around Asia particularly South East Asia. Singapore is one of these nations. Nearly adolescents in Singapore duplicate the picture from their Korean symbols. They change their hair style and utilize Korean item, for example, pencil case that has photos of their objects of worship screened on it. K-POP turns into the new disposition for the adolescents, they believes that they are cool when they duplicate the Korean style. It isn't just that, the style is changed constantly. Along these lines, the young people, who need to be modern, need to purchase new garments constantly. This shows the TV shows affect the teenagers’ prominence. USA likewise has issues about TV shows as well. It incorporates music and furthermore films that communicate on TV. Brutality is one of the impacts that affect American youth. Heroes are genuine models. Awesome Music started mainstream on account of the particular garments, hairdo blended in with the line of the tune that energizes crowd. Numerous individuals consider Rock Star as a hard-drinking, hard-living character. Medications were likewise a major piece of exciting music way of life. In addition, the trademark and condition of heroes appear to relate with brutality. The youngsters will bit by bit get this savagery. In America, numerous adolescents change their hairdo and tint their hair follow the well known hero. These are just a little piece of the impact of broad communications. In various nations, there are distinction sorts of impact, relies upon nature and estimation of every nation. The broad communications has positive and negative impact. Everybody has a job to forestall the awful impact and empower the great one. Step by step instructions to refer to Mass Media, Essay models Broad communications Free Essays The pair stream hypothesis gave 4 | Page path to the products stream hypothesis of mass correspondence or dissemination of development hypothesis. Katz, Lieu (1973). The couple stream of correspondence: an update report of a theory. We will compose a custom exposition test on Broad communications or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now In Anis and Cox(des. ), Marketing Classics, Pl 751 93. Calculated Framework In this structure, the source will be the nearby TV systems since they are the person who will name the outside kid's shows. The message will be advancement of patriotism and energy to Filipino youngsters who regularly watch Digitized kid's shows. The broad communications is the airing of Digitized kid's shows. The supposition chiefs 5 | page will be the guardians of the youngsters who regularly watch Digitized kid's shows. They are the feeling chiefs on the grounds that the scientists will talk with fields from Magmata, Manila and Guenon City to know their assessment about Digitized kid's shows and their conclusion about it elevating patriotism or just to assist youngsters with understanding the show better in light of the fact that it’s named t our national language. Ultimately the youngsters are the open since they are the intended interest group of the nearby TV systems. Backtalk movement The motivation behind why the nearby TV systems keep on airing Digitized kid's shows, is for Filipino kids to comprehend the show better, in such a case that the kid's shows were in English, the individuals who use it as a second language far Outnumber those w ho talk it as a first language. It doesn’t advance patriotism since its setting is from western and Asian nations. The shows are Digitized in light of the fact that they just need to help youngsters that are not yet natural or unequipped for communicating in English h to comprehend the shows better. Mama

Why the Halo Effect Affects How We Perceive Others

Why the Halo Effect Affects How We Perceive Others Theories Social Psychology Print Why the Halo Effect Influences How We Perceive Others By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on July 01, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on February 09, 2020 Verywell / Joshua Seong More in Theories Social Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Personality Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology The halo effect is a type of cognitive bias in which our overall impression of a person influences how we feel and think about their character. Essentially, your overall impression of a person (He is nice!) impacts your evaluations of that persons specific traits (He is also smart!). Perceptions of a single trait can carry over to how people perceive other aspects of that person. One great example of the halo effect in action is our overall impression of celebrities. Since people perceive them as attractive, successful, and often likable, they also tend to see them as intelligent, kind, and funny. What Is the Halo Effect? The halo effect is also something referred to as the physical attractiveness stereotype and the what is beautiful is also good principle. Physical appearance is often a major part of the halo effect. People who are considered attractive tend to be rated higher on other positive traits as well. However, this effect doesnt just affect our perceptions of people based on their attractiveness. It can also encompass other traits as well. People who are sociable or kind, for example, may also be seen as more likable and intelligent. The halo effect makes it so that perceptions of one quality lead to biased judgments of other qualities. The term itself uses the analogy of a halo to describe how it can affect perceptions. In religious art, a halo is often portrayed over a saints head, bathing the individual in a heavenly light to show that that person is good. When you see someone through the lens of the halo effect, you are seeing them cast in a similar light. That halo created by your perception of one characteristic covers them in the same way.   The History of the Halo Effect Psychologist Edward Thorndike first coined the term in a 1920 paper titled The Constant Error in Psychological Ratings. In the experiment described in the paper, Thorndike asked commanding officers in the military to evaluate a variety of qualities in their subordinate soldiers. These characteristics included such things as leadership, physical appearance, intelligence, loyalty, and dependability. Thorndikes goal was to determine how ratings of one quality bled over to assessments of other characteristics. He found that high ratings of a particular quality correlated to high ratings of other characteristics, while negative ratings of a specific quality also led to lower ratings of other characteristics. The correlations were too high and too even, Thorndike wrote. For example, for the three raters next studied the average correlation for physique with intelligence is .31; for physique with leadership, .39; and for physique with character, .28. So why do our overall impressions of a person create this halo that influences our evaluations of specific traits? Researchers have found that attractiveness is one factor that can play a role.?? Several different studies have found that when we rate people as good-looking, we also tend to believe that they have positive personality traits and that they are more intelligent. One study even found that jurors were less likely to believe that attractive people were guilty of criminal behavior. However, this attractiveness stereotype can also be a double-edged sword. Other studies have found that while people are more likely to ascribe a host of positive qualities to attractive people, they are also more likely to believe that good-looking individuals are vain, dishonest, and likely to use their attractiveness to manipulate others. Impact of the Halo Effect The halo effect may have an impact on a number of real-world settings. In Education Research has found that the halo effect may play a role in educational settings. Teachers may interact with students differently based on perceptions of attractiveness. Older research, for example, found that teachers had better expectations of kids that they rated as being more attractive.?? Another study that looked at academic records of more than 4,500 students. A group of 28 people then rated the attractiveness of the students (based on a student ID photo) on a scale of 1 (very unattractive) to 10 (very attractive).?? Students were then divided into three groups based on these attractiveness assessments: below-average, average, and above-average. Researchers then compared students grades between classes taken in a traditional face-to-face classroom setting and those taken online. Researchers found that students who were rated as above-average in appearance earned significantly lower grades in online courses than they did in their traditional classes. The halo effect can influence how teachers treat students, but it can also impact how students perceive teachers. In one study, researchers found that when an instructor was viewed as warm and friendly, students also rated them as more attractive, appealing, and likable. In the Workplace There are a number of ways that the halo effect can influence perceptions of others in work settings. For example, experts suggest that the halo effect is one of the most common biases affecting performance appraisals and reviews. Supervisors may rate subordinates based on the perception of a single characteristic rather than the whole of their performance and contribution. For example, a workers enthusiasm or positive attitude may overshadow their lack of knowledge or skill, causing co-workers to rate them more highly than their actual performance justifies. The halo effect can also have an impact on income. A study published in the Journal of Economic Psychology found that, on average, attractive food servers earned approximately $1,200 more per year in tips than their unattractive counterparts.?? Another study found that physical attractiveness has a positive effect not only on a persons self-confidence but also on their overall income and financial well-being.?? Job applicants are also likely to feel the impact of the halo effect. If a prospective employer views the applicant as attractive or likable, they are more likely to also rate the individual as intelligent, competent, and qualified. In Marketing Marketers take advantage of the halo effect to sell products and services. When a celebrity spokesperson endorses a particular item, our positive evaluations of that individual can spread to our perceptions of the product itself. A Word From Verywell So, the next time you trying to evaluate another person, whether it is deciding which political candidate to vote for or which movie to see on a Friday night, consider how your overall impressions of them might influence your evaluations of other characteristics. Does your impression of a candidate being a good public speaker lead you to feel that they are also smart, kind, and hard-working? Does thinking that a particular actor is good-looking also lead you to think that they are a compelling actor? Of course, being aware of the halo effect still doesnt make it easy to avoid its influence on our perceptions and decisions. The halo effect is just one of many biases that allow people to make snap decisions but also contributes to errors in judgment.

The Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Essay - 1049 Words

The Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Northrop Frye, in his critical essay, Poetry and Design, states; In a world as specialized as ours, concentration on one gift and a rigorous subordination of all others is practically a moral principle (Frye 137). William Blakes refusal to follow this moral principle by putting his poetry before his art, or vice versa, makes his work extraordinary as well as complex and ambiguous. Although critics attempt to juggle Blakes equally impressive talents, they seem to land on either one side or the other; failing to transcend, as Blake did, that moral principle of concentration. Blake, not only controlled his art and poetry through innovative printing techniques, but controlled how his readers†¦show more content†¦To create anew both the illustrated book and its reader, to bring into relief the infinite form of the book hidden by fragmentations of its art, Blake created his method of illuminated printing. A comparison of Blakes works with typical eighteenth-century illustrated boo ks reveals some of the sources available to Blake for illustrative techniques and shows points of contact between Blakes commercial career as copy engraver and his vocation as book artist. (Easson 36) The illustrated books structure is determined by the interaction of function and the books physical properties, thereby establishing the quality and degree of correlation within the books text and designs (Easson 41) The convenience and wisdom of yoking together decoration and illustration reside in the practical need to identify certain structural relationships of a books text and designs. It is not just art and then poetry underneath it or above it, but with the integration of decorative illustration,Although decorative illustration was used in the traditional sense to simply, beautify the book in which it used, Blake saw it has sublime ornament. To Blake, ornamental or decorative illustration has a motivating power: Ornament simultaneously enriched the book and compels theShow MoreRelatedWhitman And Blake Vs. Blake889 Words   |  4 Pagesto symbolize humankind’s experience of Nature†. To begin with I’d like to tell some information about Whitman and Blakeâ₠¬â„¢s life and work. Walt Whitman was an American poet, publicist and reformer of the American poetry. Whitman was the singer of the world democracy†, positive sciences, love and the association without social borders. He was also an innovator of the free verse. William Blake was an American poet, printmaker and painter. He became well-known for his drawings. The painter carried outRead MoreEssay about The Voice of the Chimney Sweepers1180 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Blake (1757-1827) led a relatively happy life. At an early age, he claimed that he could see God, Angels, and other important Italian figures. Blake’s parents encouraged him to keep a record of all the masters he claimed to keep in contact with. Blake’s father, James Blake, gave him casts and engravings to keep this record. At the age of ten, Blake started at a drawing school named Henry Pars’ Drawing School. Three years later, he was apprenticed to a Master Engraver, James Basire. BlakeRead MoreEnglish Preromanticism: William Blake3403 Words   |  14 PagesPreromanticism: William Blake Term Paper Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. M. Ã…  idlauskas 2008 CONTENTS Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...............3 1. William Blake-a forerunner of English Romanticism 1 William Blake-a social critic of his own time†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 2 William Blake’s ideas and the Modern World†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 2. â€Å"Songs of innocence and of Experience†-the most popular W.Blake’s poem book 1 The social significance of W. Blake’s work†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8Read MoreContemplating Gods Creation in William Blakes The Lamb and The Tyger1205 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Blake was born and raised in London from 1757 to 1827. Throughout his early years, Blake experienced many strange and unusual visions, claiming to have seen â€Å"angels and ghostly monks† (Moore). For those reasons, William Blake decided to write about mystical beings and Gods. Two examples of the poet expressing his point of view are seen in â€Å"The Tyger† and â€Å"The Lamb.† Both poems demonstrate how the world is and to sharpen one’s perception. People perceive the world in their own outlook, oftenRead MoreWilliam Blake Essay example826 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blake William Blake was born in 1757, the third son of a London hosier. Blake lived in or near to London, a city which dominates much of his work, whether as the nightmare London of the Songs of Experience, or the London which Blake saw as the New Jerusalem, the kingdom of God on earth. 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Both states haveRead More Practical Criticism: The Tyger Willi am Blake Essay1735 Words   |  7 PagesPractical Criticism: The Tyger William Blake Blakes poem The Tyger - written somewhere between 1785 and 1789 - was first published in Songs of Innocence and Experience. These two interconnected books of poetry were intended to show the two contrary states of the human soul. Appropriately enough The Tyger appeared in the second book, Experience, and has as its natural counter part The Lamb in Innocence. The Tyger as a poem is a perennial international favourite. It has been moreRead MoreThe Lamb and The Tyger by William Blake Essay1758 Words   |  8 Pages William Blake, a unique poet of the literary canon, is one of the most critiqued poets of all time. Having a rather unique stylistic approach to topics, especially religion, Blake seems to contradict himself in his own writing and, therefore, sparks questions in the readers’ minds on specific subjects. Two of his poems in particular have been widely critiqued and viewed in various lights. â€Å"The Tyger,† written in 1774, and â€Å"The Lamb,† written five years later in 1789, are considered companion poems

Luminous Soul Method Where Is Your Energy - 915 Words

Luminous Soul Method Prana Series: Where is Your Energy? By Manorama â€Å"You are beautiful. You are powerful. You are free. You are a Luminous Soul.† ~ Manorama Once when I was working with a private student at my office in NYC I noticed that she was talking non-stop and her eyes were darting here and there. Her energy was wild. What I mean by wild is that she engaged her energy in an unaware way. In an effort to help her begin to gain awareness of her relationship with her energy, so that she could gain greater stability within, I posed the question, â€Å"Margaret, do you know where your energy is?† She looked at me, then around the room, above and behind her and finally turned to me saying, â€Å"Uh well †¦ No I don’t.† I smiled at the honest and sincere way in which she engaged the question. â€Å"I believe you,† I told her. Margaret really didn’t know where her energy was. The thing Margaret didn’t know is that her energy is her. Maybe as you read this you are thinking, â€Å"Well, I don’t know where my energy is either.† Through the Luminous Soul Method, I show students that it is their job to know where their prana, their energy, is. To develop a close relationship with energy is important because energy is your soul, energy is you. Knowing About Versus Living In We live within the idea that the body and mind are who we are. This is not unusual. But from a yogic perspective it is not the whole truth. When we are young, we are told that our essence is called soul, but we are givenShow MoreRelatedThe Study Of Buddhism And Hinduism1390 Words   |  6 Pagesbeyond human origins. Hinduism represents the way of life and faith of the many people in India. It is unknown as to how it came about, and where Hinduism was originated, but the beliefs of the Hindu s is very different than the beliefs of the Christians and Islam. Hinduism is the belief in reincarnation, dharma and in three main gods. 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Money Bring Happiness Free Essays

â€Å"It is not money that brings up happiness but what we do and how we do it† 309 Money is most often cited as a crucial material for people to satisfy their needs ranged from the simplest to the most complicated desire. Hence, many people spend their whole life seeking for money which offers them utmost happiness and super power. In contrast, I honestly believe that it is not money that brings up happiness but what we do and how we do it. We will write a custom essay sample on Money Bring Happiness or any similar topic only for you Order Now Speaking of mentality, money is not necessary and sufficient condition leading us to happiness. What is happiness? Simply speaking, happiness is the way people feel satisfied with what they have. Let’s me back it up by some illustrations. A poet will definitely feel sublimated when he finishes composing a masterpiece of poem. A stamp collection will obviously happy with looking and treasuring his stamps. Even an old man can smile for whole day if he wins a game of chess. Doubtlessly, in such cases, money plays no role in the humans feeling. Hence, I completely believe that people can feel extremely pleased and happy without any interference from money. Moreover, to tell the truth, being absorbed in earning money can result in the loss of happiness of the people in life. In the materialized world, people keep on intending which is the best way to invest their money, what the most profitable market segment is worthy to be put money in and who is the most suitable person who will control the portfolio. The people obsessed with money can easily forget their actually meaningful tasks such as caring for their families, having time with their friends†¦etc. They trap themselves in the materialized ambition and lose what are important to their life. How can they feel happy? To wrap up, in my perspective, happiness can’t be built up solely on money. That’s the reason we should care for many facets of life rather than money. How to cite Money Bring Happiness, Essay examples

Interpersonal Skills free essay sample

What are Interpersonal Skills? Interpersonal skills are the life skills we use every day to communicate and interact with other people, individually and in groups. Interpersonal skills include not only how we communicate with others, but also our confidence and our ability to listen and understand. Problem solving, decision making and personal stress management are also considered interpersonal skills. People with strong interpersonal skills are usually more successful in both their professional and personal lives. They are perceived as more calm, confident and charismatic qualities that are often endearing or appealing to others. Being more aware of your interpersonal skills can help you improve and develop them. SkillsYouNeed provides an extensive library of articles to help you learn about and improve your interpersonal skills. A list of Interpersonal Skills could include:  ·Listening Skill  ·Communication Skill  ·Stress Management  ·Verbal Communication  ·Assertivenss  ·Decision Making  ·Problem Solving  ·Non-Verbal Communication How To Develope your Interpersonal Skill? There are a variety of skills that will help you to succeed in different areas of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpersonal Skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, the foundation for many areas of our lives are good interpersonal skills since these are relevant to our personal relationships, social affairs and professional lives and are the basis on which we can develop other life skills. Unlike specialised and technical skills (hard skills), interpersonal skills (soft skills) will be used every day and in every area of our lives. Here, you can find out how to develop specific interpersonal skills including: Find more at: http://www. skillsyouneed. com/interpersonal-skills. Interpersonal Skills free essay sample In this assignment, I need to reflect on the situation that taken place duringmy clinical placement to develop and utilise my interpersonal skills in order tomaintain the therapeutic relationships with my patient. In this reflection, I amgoing to use Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle. This model is a recognisedframework for my reflection. Gibbs (1988) consists of six stages to complete onecycle which is able to improve my nursing practice continuously and learningfrom the experience for better practice in the future.The cycle starts with adescription of the situation, next is to analysis of the feelings, third is anevaluation of the experience, fourth stage is an analysis to make sense of theexperience, fifth stage is a conclusion of what else could I have done and finalstage is an action plan to prepare if the situation arose again (NHS, 2006). Bairdand Winter (2005, p. 156) give some reasons why reflection is require in thereflective practice.They state that a reflect is to generate the practice knowledge,assist an ability to adapt new situations, develop self-esteem and satisfaction aswell as to value, develop and professionalizing practice. We will write a custom essay sample on Interpersonal Skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, Siviter (2004,p. 165) explain that reflection is about gaining self-confidence, identify when toimprove, learning from own mistakes and behaviour, looking at other peopleperspectives, being self-aware and improving the future by learning the past. In my context with the patient, it is important for me to improve thetherapeutic relationship which is the nurse-patient relationship.In the therapeuticrelationship, there is the therapeutic rapport establish from a sense of trust and amutual understanding exists between a nurse and a patient that build in a special verbal so that the message could be understood and do not break the nurse-patient communication. In my opinion, I evaluated that it does not a matter whether it was a patient-centred communication or task-centred communicationbecause both communication mentioned by McCabe (2004) actually doesinvolves communication to the patients. So it was not a problem to argue whichtype of communication involves in my conversation with my patient.After analysed the situation, I could conclude that I was be able to know the skills for effective communication with the patient such as approach the patient, askingquestions, be an active listening, show my empathy and support the patientemotions (Walsh, 2005, p. 34). Actually helping the adult was a good practice indelivering the nursing care among adults. My action plan for the clinical practice in the future, if there were patientsthat I need to help in feeding or other nursing procedure, I would prepare myself better to handle with the patients who would have some difficulty incommunication.This is because, as one of the health care worker, I want thebest care for my patients. So in related to deliver the best care to my patients, Ineed to understand them very well. I have to communicate effectively as this isimportant to know what they need most during warded under my supervision as anurse. According to my experience, I knew that communication was thefundamental part to develop a good relationship. Wood (2006, p. 13) express thata communication is the key foundation of relationship. Therefore a goodcommunication is essential to get know the patient’s individual health status 9 Walsh, 2005, p. 30). Active listening could distinguish the existence of barrier communication when interactions with the patients. This is because, activelistening means listening without making judgement to listen the patients’opinions or complaints which give me chances to be in the patients’ perspective(Arnold, 2007, p. 201). On the other hand, it also crucial to avoid the barriersoccurs in the communication with the patients. I could detect the languagebarriers by interviewing the patients about their health or asking them if theyneeded any help in their daily activities living.However, I would remind myself for not interfere my communication with barriers such as using the open-endedquestions, not attending to non-verbal cues, being criticising and judging, andinterrupting (Funnell et al , 2005, p. 453). Walsh (2005, p. 31) too summary thatmaking stereotyping and making assumptions about patients, perceptions andfirst impression of patients, lack awareness of communication skills are the mainbarriers to communications. I must not judge the patients by making my firstimpression and assumption about the patients but I have to make patients feeldevalued as an individual.I should be capable to respect their fundamentalvalues, beliefs, culture, and individual means of communication (Heath, 2000,p. 27). I would be able to know on how to build rapport with the patients. Thereare eleven ways suggest by Crellin (1998, p. 49) which are becomes visible,anticipate needs, be reliable, listening, stay in control, self-disclosure, care for each patient as an individual, use humour when appropriate, educate the patient,give the patient some control, and use gestures to show some supports. Thisways could help and give me some guidelines to improve my communication 10 skills with the patients. Another important thing to add on my action plan list is toknow which the disabilities of the patients have such as hearing disability, visualimpairment and mental disability. Once I could know the disability that a patienthas, I could well-prepared my method of communication effectively as Heath(2000, p28) mention that communicating with people who was having somehearing impairment, sight impairment and mental health needs required theparticular skills and considerations.Nazarko (2004, p. 9) suggest that do notrepeat if the person could not understand but try to rephrase and speak a littlemore slowly when communicating with the hearing difficulties people. Hearingproblem commonly occurs among adults because of ageing process (Schofield,2002, p. 21). To summarize for my action plan, I would start a communication witha good rapport to know what affects the patients’ ability to communicate well andto avoid barriers in effective communication in future.In conclusion of my reflective assignment, I mention the model that Ichose, Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle as my framework of my reflective. I statethe reasons why I am choosing the model as well as some discussion on theimportant of doing reflection in nursing practice. I am able to discuss every stagein the Gibbs (1988) Reflective Cycle about my ability to develop my therapeuticrelationship by using my interpersonal skills with one patient for this reflection

Expository Essay Sample on a Great Leader Who Is That

Expository Essay Sample on a Great Leader Who Is That Expository essays on what makes a great leader are focused on explaining the difference between an ordinary leader and a great leader. Although these two are both leaders, there is a big difference between the two. There is a debate that great leaders are born, yet, there are those whose argue is great leaders are nurtured. This debate has brought into question what really makes a great leader. A leader should have the qualities that cause him or her to be regarded as a great leader. Not all leaders are great leaders, and the difference is because of the qualities that such leaders portray. A great leader should not be a dictator. Instead, leaders should always be focused, visionary, possess sharp perception, be responsible, and reasonable. Leaders who are effective take into account their strengths as well as their weaknesses. They evaluate themselves when they ask questions like, â€Å"Am I a good leader? What can I accomplish, and what are my limits?† If a leader identifies his or her areas of weakness, he will try to turn his weaknesses into his strengths by working towards improving them. Some leaders tend to think that they have the ability to accomplish anything within or outside their domain. They are disillusioned into the thinking that leaders are always knowledgeable and nothing can outdo their thinking powers. This is a fallacy in thinking because there is no complete individual who is able to perform all duties. Leaders should be assisted by other people who are professionals in different fields and areas of knowledge. These other persons assist the leaders in compensating for their weaknesses. Leaders should recognize the abilities of those who work with them. Doing so helps them to be regarded as effective leaders. The perception of a leader is important. It helps in evaluating whether a leader is an effective or not. Leaders should be effective in their communication and should build a good relationship with those who serve under them. Leaders should ensure a good environment where everyone feels they have something of value to contribute. Conflicts should be recognized and addressed appropriately. A leader will be perceived to be a good leader if those who work with him talk positively about his leadership skills and what he is being able to accomplish. Leaders should also be responsible and accountable just like any other person. They should never be above the law. They should keep in accordance with the rules that govern them. They should never go beyond their limits. They should avoid the notion that they are powerful and, therefore, can bend the rules to suit themselves. The leaders’ incentive should be the goals of the organization or group they are leading. Good leaders should ha ve the goal as their central concern and work towards realizing the goal with the interest of the organization or the group they are leading. Tips on writing an expository essay on this topic: The purpose of an expository essay is to express a personal opinion on a given topic. The topic should be interesting to your targeted audience. A good way to decide on a topic is to listen to news reports and social media on the hot topics of the day. Find something that interests you and do some preliminary reading on that topic. Do you have an opinion? Develop that opinion into a thesis statement. Then develop some major points to support that opinion. Look for examples or personal experiences to add as details for those support points. As always, make sure to organize your ideas logically and to use transitional devices to help your thoughts flow smoothly. Finally, be sure to edit your essay and to conduct a final proof-reading.

ACT Study Guide Schedule and Plan for One Year or More

SAT / ACT Study Guide Schedule and Plan for One Year or More SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips You're serious about studying for the SAT. You have a year or more to study, and you want to put a real effort into it. Is studying this much worth it? What are the payoffs? And most importantly, what's the best way to study for the SAT / ACT on the year-or-more level? This post answers those questions! First, let's get a couple of important questions out of the way. Is Studying for a Year or More Worth It? Who Should Use This Guide? The short answer: yes, it's absolutely worth it. We know from recent studies that a 105-point increase on your SAT score (equivalently, 1.5 points on your ACT score) doubles your odds of getting into a given college. If you had a 10% chance of getting into Harvard before, it increases your chances to around 20%. And a 105 point increase can be obtained in a few dozen hours. This means that even if you're studying 100 hours for the SAT / ACT, those 100 hours are doing much more to increase your chance of getting into college than, say, sports or clubs. A study schedule of a year or more is definitely worth it for students who care about getting into the best colleges. How Many Hours Do I Need? How Far Ahead of Time Should I Start? If you're starting your studying a year or more before you take the test, plan to spend at least a hundred hours or more. As this SAT / ACT study schedule planner suggests, you don't want to study too few hours when you start far ahead. You should also begin studying so that you aim to take the test junior year fall (I'll explain more below). If you're planning a year to study, start during the winter or spring of your sophomore year. If you're on the more aggressive schedule of studying for a couple of years, you want to get started at the end of freshman year. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or more? We've put our best advice into a single guide. These are the 5 strategies you MUST be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download this free SAT guide now: Why Aim to Take SAT / ACT in the Fall of Junior Year? Many students aim to take the SAT / ACT junior spring or senior fall. But as an advanced student, if you really care about the SAT / ACT, your goal is to optimize everything about your studying. Optimizing the test date means taking it early. Why take the SAT / ACT so early? Because you want buffer space in between tests. If you don't do well junior fall, you'll still have two more chances junior spring (March and May for the SAT, February and April for the ACT) and won't have to run into summer after junior year and senior fall for testing. This is a huge advantage because you'll have all that time to focus on applying to college. And trust me, from my personal experience, you'll need that time. Think about it this way: what's the harm in taking the tests one month earlier than necessary? Okay, you stress one month earlier, and maybe you take the test with one less month of education. This is really not a large loss. What's the harm in taking it one month later than necessary? Last minute application scrambling, prep courses, and tons of stress. Take the safe bet: aim to take the tests junior fall. The First Step Okay, so you're aiming to test in junior fall, and you have around a year or more - this puts you at sophomore year or younger (if not, follow our guides for more moderate studiers). If you're starting earlier, just stretch the dates in this guide out evenly, like a rubber band. September of Sophomore Year The first thing you want to do is take two practice SAT / ACTs. Use real SATs or real ACTs. The first SAT / ACT you take, do not time yourself. You can break it into multiple pieces. Focus on readingall the instructions and the fine print. Also, focus on understanding the question and not the time pressure. If you've already taken a few SAT / ACTs in the past, you can skip this first test. Reflect on the main features of the test. Are there strategies you can already see without being told? What do you think are some tricks you can use to solve questions? (If you're using PrepScholar, we tell you this automatically). After this, take the test a second time, but follow the timer strictly. Then reflect on how time pressure changes things, and what you must do to counter this. With this second test, you also have a sense of what your mistakes are. For each mistake, write down two reasons you made it, like "carelessness" or "didn't know quadratic equation." Then, tally up the reasons and brainstorm ways to study for them. (If you're using PrepScholar, this tally analysis will be done for you automatically). These two tests will also prepare you well for the PSAT, which happens in October of sophomore year (see the PSAT timeline here). November of Sophomore Year You now have a list of major errors and how to study for them. For example, you might find yourself forgetting grammar rules, and so you'll spend 10 hours memorizing the most commonly tested grammar rules on the SAT. Or you might find that you don't know quadratic equations, and spend 10 hours reviewing them. You'll want to prioritize your content issues first. Content issues are those with fundamental knowledge of math, reading, writing, science, and so forth. These are things like what subject verb agreement is, trapezoids and their properties, and so on. Content issues are the hardest to forget, so studying early has an advantage. These issues are also the most the scalable: even if you dump a lot of time into fundamental content, you'll continue to improve as you know more of it. In fact, if you are scoring under a 1330 on the SAT or a 30 on the ACT, most of your gap is simply due to missing fundamental content. So make sure your foundations are strong. When exactly to take the next step depends on both your time budget and how much fundamental content is missing. If you're scoring, say, 1000 on the SAT or 18 on the ACT, and are budgeting over 200 hours, then the above steps should really be started earlier. The schedule here assumes you're studying 100 hours and already have a 1330 on your SAT / 30 on your ACT for the next step. March of Sophomore Year At this point, you want to shift towards strategy. Repeat the September analysis: do a timed test and see which questions are losing you points. However, this time notice where you're going wrong with strategy and test tactics instead of content. Notice when you run out of time, or make a careless mistake. Notice if you've rushed too much in one section versus another. Now come up with a few ideas to attack your strategic flaws (or if you're using PrepScholar, we come up with these strategies for you). Test out your plan by doing a few sections at a time. Do these new strategies you've thought up work? Iterate on these strategies, and repeat until you get your strategy down. At this point, ask yourself, are you getting the score you want for your school? If so, you can take it a bit easier (but still continue on). Otherwise, consider budgeting more time for studying. Bonus: Want to get a perfect SAT or ACT score? Read our famous guide on how to score a perfect 1600 on the SAT, or a perfect 36 on the ACT. You'll learn top strategies from the country's leading expert on the SAT/ACT, Allen Cheng, a Harvard grad and perfect scorer. No matter your level, you'll find useful advice here - this strategy guide has been read by over 500,000 people. Read the 1600 SAT guide or 36 ACT guide today and start improving your score. Summer before Junior Year This is Round Two of your studying. Repeat the September to March process: find more fundamental content weaknesses, and then look again for strategic weaknesses. Why split the process into two rounds? First, it increases your creativity - you may come up with strategies the second time around that you missed the first time around. Also, the strategies you use in the end will depend highly on your final performance. If you're scoring in the 800/1600 range on the SAT, skipping questions is key. If you're scoring 1270/1600, you can barely afford to skip any questions. By criss-crossing your studying this way, you get a better idea of your final score earlier on. Fall of Junior Year Sign up to take the first SAT or ACT of the year, usually August or September, respectively. Make sure you have a strong final week leading up to the test date. Before you take the test, estimate yourexpected "interquartile range." Suppose you expect there's a 75% chance you'll do better than a 900, and a 25% chance you'll do better than a 1000. Then your interquartile range is 900-1000. The Rest of Junior Year Take the SAT or ACT and then see what your score is. On your first test, if you score lower than the top of your interquartile range, plan to take it again in two months (likely December), following a shortened version of the study plan from the summer before your junior year. If your second score is less than the middle of your interquartile range, try once more in another 2-3 months, likely in February or March. Finally, if your third score is less than the bottom end of your expected interquartile range, try one last time, likely in June. Remember, taking the SAT / ACT more often is generally better for you, especially if you're scoring lower than you expected! Conclusion The above guide is a comprehensive way to study well for the ACT or SAT given 100 hours and 1 year or more of study time. The main theme is tallying up your mistakes and coming up with strategies to focus on them. If you want a system that automatically does this tracking and scheduling for you, check out our PrepScholar software. It comes with a free trial! Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today!

Macro Eco Problem SET Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Macro Eco Problem SET - Coursework Example The government hiring more police officers will bring a new service in the industry, which will translate to increase in GDP. Finally, increase in monetary transfers to the poor by the government was never accounted in the previous year hence will affect the GDP. Q9) Credits cards cannot be referred to as money. One can have a credit card but if the account has no cash, the holder cannot access cash. They cannot therefore be referred to as money hence the name plastic money. Checks on the other hand are also not money. Money can be used any time the holder wishes to do so. For checks, they can only be usable during maturity and after confirmation by the bank of their validity. Q10) By the bank keeping five percent in reserves and lending out money, the bank creates money. Through the interest rates charged to the borrower, the bank creates money. Assuming interest charged on borrowers is twelve percent, the bank will gain as shown

The Ethics of Care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Ethics of Care - Essay Example From this research, it is clear that the care ethics regards to the principles that people usually have and follow the way of dealing with every relationship in day to day life. According to â€Å"The ethics of care: Personal, Political, and Global†, written by Virginia Held, the care ethics has not limited to this but now it can be explained involving a vast area as care ethics can be seen in case of medical practice, political life, war, international relationship, organization of a society and law. These things are involved in such a manner that they are now a part of it. According to Sara Ruddick, the pioneer of care ethics, in her article â€Å"Maternal thinking† which explained the experience of mothering and the care she gives to the baby, the care for the relationship around her and also provides a unique approach to the ethics. She also targets on feminist politics which was not of much importance those days. Since there are many forms of ethics like the virtue ethics, which decides about a person by looking at their behavior and to decide be either good or bad to them according to that person. The care ethics can be considered as a form of virtue ethics in some instances but it does not completely rely on principles of virtue ethics. To promote the interest of everyone towards oneself as mentioned in â€Å"what would satisfactory moral theory be like†, which is the principle of Rachel’s utilitarianism will sometimes collide with the aspects of the care ethics. Though it consists of few principles of them, they are separate entity altogether. Features of care ethics: According to Nel Nodding, caring for those who are not related to us but need some attention is the main principle of care ethics. This can be evaluated though an example. When a child fell while playing, the care we show to him when he is our own child should never be different from the one we show to others child. This makes sense as the care might vary from o ne person to another. She also suggests caring for those who are in need for it and stress one to show some responsibility to respond for such people. This might include the aged people who are facing incurable diseases or illness of later life. These people will have the craving for care and giving care to them is worth. The care ethics has good value for emotions according to Virginia Held. Not all the emotions are entertained but some of them are handled with great care. According to this theory, the one who develops this value for emotion will also train themselves to help the one in need, who or else fail to make this happen. This is very important to make a relationship successful one. Importance The care ethics completely rely on the fact to care for everyone. This creates a limitation to act according to the behavior of the other person but it does not stop one from caring. Most of the care ethics refers to a relationship and many authors support this statement. According to Annette Baier, the care ethics depends on many character traits which include sympathy, compassion and gentleness. Sometimes agreeability also plays a major role in balancing a relationship. This not only helps one to be close to another but creates a basic relationship with everyone in turn brings harmony among individuals. Evaluation: Most of the time, the care ethics create controversies. There are many incidents where the ethics are both for and against the topic. Creating an environment where one should care for other is right but sometimes it has to be according to the act and behavior of the other person. Showing a lot of care for those who worth it is of no use. Many times we come across such situation where people don’t bother is someone is hurt or ill but in turn they seek for attention when they are not well. Helping such people might be good but not always. Expecting a bit of the same when one is not well is required is what Carol Gilligan says. Though these aspe cts like valuing emotions are

Helen Keller Essay -- Story of My Life

Helen Keller Helen Keller was an American author who lived to educate and inspire others to become the most unique author of her time. She was a gifted woman who had exceptional writing abilities. She utilized simplistic style to correspond with all varieties of people. She wrote to inspire people and to help disabled people achieve their goals. Her writing style was full of many types of diction, syntactic devices, and patterns of imagery to exemplify her life chronicle. Keller used an unadorned tone with superb expressions and descriptions. Helen Adams Keller was born in the small town of Tuscumbia, Alabama in 1880. When she was nineteen months old she was diagnosed with scarlet fever, which left her blind and deaf for the rest of her life. When she was a child she was put under the care of Anne Sullivan, and she would become her life long friend and companion. Sullivan began to teach her by writing with her finger, the name of objects into her hand. Keller began to learn very rapidly. She started to write very quickly using a ruler to guide her sentences. She learned how to read Braille and then to speak. In 1900, Keller went to Radcliffe College and graduated with honors. She lectured around the world about her life experiences and met many famous people such as Mark Twain. She was an extraordinary woman and one of the most recognized people in history. Helen Keller shows herself as a well educated, persevering, and eager woman. She brought her success through her education, which she was taught at a young age. Keller learned her thirty new words the same day she learned her first. Next, she presented a very strong personality. In her early years Keller states, â€Å"†¦although I find it difficult, I s... ...m her birth and follows on by each of her accomplishments. She wrote her story just how her life happened, she included all of her inspirations and the people that helped her fulfil her goals. Helen Keller wrote her life story as a tool for other people to learn from. She was plagued by disabilities that she had to overcome. Her story is wonderful and her achievements are amazing. Keller let nothing stop her from meeting famous people, to traveling all over the world to talk to people and inspire them. She did many things that even people with no disadvantages couldn’t accomplish. Bibliography Keller, Helen Adams Story of My Life. New York, New York: Bantam Books, June 1990 Herrmann, Dorothy â€Å"Helen Keller.† Famous Women 1990. Yahoo. http://www.charlotte.com/services/books/0920review.htm Microsoft Encarta 97 Microsoft Corporation, 1993-1996

Heroism in the Crucible

Mads Szklany English 11 Mr. Doty March 29, 2010 Heroism in The Crucible Often people have to endure tests of character in order to prove who they are. It is when people have to face great opposition that their character is truly shown; we see whether people are heroes or cowards. Those who are heroic always stand up for their morals and never back down and do selfless acts for the good of others. When people encounter moments where they have to face opposition they can do either of two things; they can stand up for what they believe in and do what they think is the right thing to do, or they can sit back and let someone else do it and simply try to ignore the problem. The ones who always stand up for what they believe are the people who are true heroes. People who have a heroic character will constantly rise up and speak out loud when they see that something wrong is going on. The people who are heroes are incredibly important to society, because they are the people who work for a better tomorrow; they are the people who are willing to sacrifice themselves for something better. In The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, there are multiple characters that show the quality of a hero when faced with opposition. I believe that the four characters that showed the most â€Å"hero† quality were john Proctor, Elizabeth Proctor, Rebecca Nurse and Giles Corey. Rebecca Nurse is a good and simple example of someone who is a hero. She is a hero from the beginning to the end of the story. From the start she is willing to sacrifice her own life for her morals, which shown how strong a character she is. Even when she is repeatedly being pleaded by Reverend Hale to confess to witchcraft in order to save her own life, she refuses, because she knows it is a lie and lying is against her good morals. The heroes, Giles and Proctor, are more complex and grow to become heroes in the book. In the beginning of the book Giles Corey does not appear to be a hero. However, throughout the book he begins to play more and more the role of a hero. In the beginning of the book Giles is seen as more of an annoying person who will do bad things to benefit himself, but he changes throughout the book. When the witch hunts start he does not really believe in witchcraft, however, he is still curious about it and wants to ask the expert, Reverend Hale, some questions. Giles accidently makes his wife look like a witch when he starts asking Hale questions. Giles asks Hale about his wife, â€Å"I have waked at night many a time and found her in a corner, readin’ of a book. Now what do I make of that? † (37). It was uncommon for Women to read at this time so it made her look like a witch. Then after this Giles goes on to say, â€Å"It discomfits me! Last night-mark this-I tired and tired and could not say my prayers. And then she close her book and walks out of the house, and suddenly-mark this-I could pray again! † (38). Giles, however, forgets to mention to Reverend Hale that he has only recently started going to church and that he is not very good at saying prayer; he never mentions that this could have something to do with him not knowing how to say a proper prayer. After Giles wife is taking to prison he does not do very much and just keeps on with his life. For the way he spoke of his wife and simply allowed her to go to jail he is definitely no hero. Later, though, Giles starts to notice that even the slightest offhand remark can result in suspicion of one working with the devil. Giles finally wakes up when Putnam’s daughter accuses George Jacobs of witchery. When this happens then Giles notices a motive and claims that Putnam only wants Jacobs’ land. This is when Giles realizes that he needs to take a stand because if he doesn’t then no one will. Giles then rushes to the court shouting that â€Å"Thomas Putnam is only reaching out for land! † (79) Giles claims to have proof and a witness who heard Putnam speak of it. When the court asks him to tell them who the witness is he refuses, because he does not wish to condemn another person, just like he condemned his own wife. Because he will not say who it was, they take him outside and start putting stones on top of him, trying to make him confess. Elizabeth speaks about when Giles was again asked to say who it was. Elizabeth said, â€Å"Great stones they lay upon his chest until he plead aye or nay. They say he give them but two words. â€Å"More weight,† he says. And died† (125). In the end of the book Giles has learned and grown. He dies a hero because he refuses to do the wrong thing; instead he stands up and faces the consequence of doing what is right. From the beginning of the book Proctor knows that the witch trials are only something made up by a group of girls lead by Abigail. He knows because Abigail told him first hand that Betty, who is supposed to be bewitched, is only pretending. Abigail says, â€Å"We were dancin’ in the woods last night, and my uncle leaped in on us. She took fright, is all† (20). Abigail, however, has told the whole town that Betty has been bewitched. When Proctor finds out this information he still does not go to the court because part of him is still in love with his old mistress, Abigail. Later when Abigail begins to accuse Elizabeth, Proctor’s wife, of witchcraft, Proctor has then had enough. He goes to the court and yells to the court that, â€Å"A man may think God sleeps, but God sees everything, I know it now. I beg you, sir, I beg you—see her what she is. . . . She thinks to dance with me on my wife’s grave! And well she might, for I thought of her softly. God help me, I lusted, and there is a promise in such sweat. But all it is a whore’s vengeanceâ€Å" (102). Here Abigail starts to look guilty. Proctor confesses to lechery and if it is true that Proctor did commit lechery with Abigail, then very likely the court will figure out that all this was simply a well-planned plot by Abigail. The court wants Elizabeth to come from the jail and speak to the court in private. When Elizabeth goes to the court she does not know that her husband confessed to lechery. Therefore when Elizabeth is asked about the relationship that Proctor and Abigail had, she merely denies there ever being a relationship between them. She knows that if she lies then she will go to hell, but if she speaks the truth then she will condemn her husband, which she does not wish to do, because of such a selfless act she also becomes a hero. Proctor is the greatest hero in the book. He is also the person in the book who learns the most and grows. He is a very human character because when faced with oppositions he wants to do the right thing, but still has so doubt about what to do; he is a hero, though, because in the end he makes he right decision. He decides to confess, even though his confession is a lie. Then when he is confessing they tell him that he needs to sign his name on a confession. When they ask him to sign his name he begins to cry and refuses to sing, saying, â€Å"Because it is my name! Because I cannot have another in my life! Because I lie and sign mysel f to lies! Because I am not worth the dust on the feet of them that hang! How may I live without my name? I have given you my soul; leave me my name! † (133). Proctor realizes that by him confessing he will be condoning the hanging of all the innocent people. He then decides that he rather stand up for what is right and been hanged, than confessing to a lie. Proctor accepts his fate, Reverend Hale begins plead with him saying â€Å"Man, you will hang! You cannot! † (133). Proctor simply replies with his eyes full of tears, â€Å"I can. And there’s your first marvel that I can. You have made your magic now, for now I do think I see some shred of goodness in John Proctor. Not enough to weave a banner with, but white enough to keep it from such dogs. Elizabeth, in a burst of terror, rushes to him and weeps against his hand. Give them no tear! Tears pleasure them! Show honor nor, show a stony heart and sink them with it! † (133). Then morning comes and Rebecca and Proctor are taking outside to be hanged. When Proctor stands up preparing to be hanged Elizabeth says, â€Å"He have his goodness now† (134). Elizabeth feels that now Proctor has become the great man that he was meant to be. Proctor could have saved his own life but instead he chooses to die because that is the heroic thing to do; he dies for a right cause. The book shows a variety of heroic characters. However, the most important aspect of the book is also that is shows that heroes are not born heroes but they are made into heroes when faced with great opposition. Heroism is one of the most important things in life. Most people lack the qualities of a true hero. Most people are weak and fall when faced with the slightest bit of opposition. That is why heroism should be praised when it is shown. Everyday heroes are those who are willing to do selfless acts for the good of others. Works cited: Miller, Arthur. The Crucible. New York: Penguin books, 1951.

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